The Latino Political Experience The Electoral Based And...

Question 3 The Latino political experience, much like the experience of other minority groups, has been about fighting for inclusion. In order to be included into mainstream society Latinos had to use different methods to get their grievances heard. In a system that was not designed to benefit minorities, Latinos had to put aside their differences and come together in order to address to economic, political, and social marginalization they faced. Due to restructuring and globalization large segments of the Latino population were excluded from effective economic and political access and participation. As their numbers increased Latinos began to utilize different methods to address the changes in their communities. They used two main methods which reflected two conceptions of empowerment, the electoral based and the household model. The electoral based model is a form of empowerment that focuses on mainstream electoral politics. It is based on the assumption that the traditional electoral system is capable of addressing latino issues and having a policy agenda reflects the interests of latinos. This model use the political system and the use of institutional power to gain inclusion and recognition in the politics. It is focused on getting greater number of Latinos in office in order to have representatives who are actually Latino. The goal however, is to gain inclusion into the existing system instead of reforming it because it fails to give all people equal access. TheShow MoreRelatedInstitution as the Fundamental Cause of Long Tern Growth39832 Words   |  160 Pageschoices, ultimately resolved in favor of groups with greater political power. The distribution of political power in society is in turn determined by political institutions and the distribution of resources. Political institutions allocate de jure political power, while groups with greater economic might typically possess greater de facto political power. We therefore view the appropriate theoretical framework as a dynamic one with political institutions and the distribution of resources as the stateRead MoreRacism and Ethnic Discrimination44667 Words   |  179 PagesPacific, Central and North 4.2.2 English colonization in the Caribbean Coast region 4.2.3 The Liberal policy in the Caribbean Coast: internal colonization 4.2.4 Afro-descendent communities in Nicaragua 4.2.5 Colonization through development models on Indigenous land 4.2.6 The autonomy process in the Caribbean Coast 4.2.6.1 Development of a normative juridical framework 4.2.6.2 Advances in the establishment of public policies and structural transformations of the State 4.2.6.3 ConstructionRead MoreOne Significant Change That Has Occurred in the World Between 1900 and 2005. Explain the Impact This Change Has Made on Our Lives and Why It Is an Important Change.163893 Words   |  656 PagesDavid M. Scobey, Empire City: The Making and Meaning of the New York City Landscape Gerda Lerner, Fireweed: A Political Autobiography Allida M. Black, ed., Modern American Queer History Eric Sandweiss, St. Louis: The Evolution of an American Urban Landscape Sam Wineburg, Historical Thinking and Other Unnatural Acts: Charting the Future of Teaching the Past Sharon Hartman Strom, Political Woman: Florence Luscomb and the Legacy of Radical Reform Michael Adas, ed., Agricultural and Pastoral Societies

A Short Note On Endocrine Disruptor Bisphenol A

Endocrine Disruptor: Bisphenol A Introduction: What is BPA? Endocrine disruptors have the ability to enhance or suppress the functions of hormones by mimicking their shape and binding to the appropriate receptor. They also have the capability to change the structure and activity of the endocrine system, potentially causing various adverse effects to the body. One of the most prevalent and dangerous endocrine disruptors is Bisphenol A, or BPA. Bisphenol A is an organic compound with a structure and function similar to that of the hormone estrogen (Kundakovic and Champagne, 2011). Where can BPA be found? Annually, approximately 2 billion pounds of BPA is manufactured in the United States, making it ubiquitous in our everyday lives. BPA is a major component of polycarbonate plastics and epoxy resins. Polycarbonate is most prevalent in materials used for packaging food and drink, such as â€Å"microwave-safe† tupperware and baby bottles. Resins are used in materials for the protective lining of metal water pipes and food and drink containers, such as cans used for fruit and vegetables. BPA can also be found in dental supplies, medical supplies, and children’s toys. When these everyday items are washed, sterilized, or heated, BPA leaches out of the material and into the food to be consumed. Even small amounts of exposure to BPA have been proven to cause adverse effects in humans and animals (Erler and Novak 2010). What is the mechanism of BPA? BPA can act as an estrogen receptorShow MoreRelatedSip (Cogongrass as Main Component of Biodegradable Plastic)2748 Words   |  11 Pagesbeen described as one of the most hazardous consumer products ever created. Leaches di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) or butyl benzyl phthalate (BBzP), depending on which is used as the plasticizer or softener (usually DEHP). DEHP and BBzP are endocrine disruptors mimicking the female hormone estrogen; have been strongly linked to asthma and allergic symptoms in children; may cause certain types of cancer; linked to negative effects on the liver, kidney, spleen, bone formation and body weight. In Europe

Business Psychology Satisfaction and Job Motivation

Question: Discuss about theBusiness Psychologyfor Satisfaction and Job Motivation. Answer: Introduction The significance of employees satisfaction and jobmotivation isincreasing constantlyin the business world (Jaeger and Cmara, 2015). This study focuses on the job which I did as an intern and how I was motivatedinit, leading to my job satisfaction. I worked for some time in a supermarket and therefore my level of satisfaction has been discussed in this essay.The key objective of this essay is the study about leadership and motivation and how these haveimpacton workers satisfaction. This study explains what kinds of aspects haveimpacton staff members satisfaction and which might leadto dissatisfactionatwork place. Different theories of motivation have been discussed. Theory X and theory Ywith Maslows Theory of Motivation This to worry was classified by Douglas McGregor in terms of motivation and leadership. Asper theoryXmost of the individuals do not like to work and usually try avoiding it (James, n.d.). Therefore individuals need directions, control and even threatening to carry out the works so that business goals can be attained.Howeveras for my past experience to the Y help me in applicable only because this theory has its base in vast knowledge of humanbehaviour. Why this to date was assumed that the mental and bodily effortsinthe job are common just like I was playing a resting. It is also the way that any threat or external controlling measures are not just the way is to ensure thatindividuals workand attain the business schools. When I am committed to words my job then I myselfcarryoutself-control. The commitment is also reliance on the kind of rewards that are provided to the workers. The key to satisfaction is that the needs which satisfy the requirements of people andalso leadto personal development. As for theorywhy,I was able to not only accept rather look for more responsibilities. Being a person belonging to Theory Y,I had been motivated on the basis ofMaslowshierarchy of needs theory. My leader had an idea that Iexpected securityneeds and therefore kind of atmosphere was the right age where I felt secure and protected. There were different benefits like savings, insurance benefits,perks andthe assurance that this job can be continued further when I perform well. This way I was motivated to work to wordsfulfilmentof life security needs. The base of this theory is that whenever I kind of needit issatisfied then we can move onto the next level of need. Maslow also stated that it is not necessary that the one need is fulfilled fully prior to the individual moving onto the subsequent level of need. There can be part satisfaction at one level and still the person can look for satisfaction at the next level. Image: Maslows Hierarchy of Needs Source: (Supplemental Material for the Motivational Consequences of Life Satisfaction, 2017) Herzberg Motivation theory This theory is termed as the two-factor theory and is similar to theMaslowshierarchy of needs 30. As for this theory that job satisfaction is settled by things which are opposite to the stuff which leads to job the satisfaction. Therefore, I could see that lots of things which made me feel positive are the factors that make me satisfied and the things which gave a negative feeling were ones which made me to be dissatisfied. I was happy working at the supermarket because I liked my work and sometimes I got unhappy because of the treatment that was given by other people. However my employers at a positive attitude which made me satisfied. As per Herzberg motivation theory, the dissatisfaction was also short term and satisfaction was also short-term due to hygiene factors (Scheuer, 2000). However the factors which lead to long-term satisfaction or dissatisfaction were termed to be motivators and de-motivators. The motivation at work challenged me to develop my skills and capabilities. F or example there were additional responsibilities in my job and I was being provided with learning opportunities so that I did good work at the next level of job and I could deliver superior performance in all kinds of jobs I did. The motivations were in the form of my learning opportunities, additional responsibilities, recognitions, awards and development. The dissatisfaction was avoided because hygiene factors were maintained in this job. As per this theory, the hygiene factors or dissatisfying factors were ones which I always expected to be in great condition. Motivators were ones which lead to job satisfaction however hygiene factors that ones which did not lead to job satisfaction however in case they were not present then the job dissatisfaction was expected (Ruiz-Palomino, Sez-Martnez and Martnez-Caas, 2012). There were various exercises like flexibility in working hours, similar dress code for everybody, my work schedules and many other things which were carried on in an ef ficient manner. The efficient handling of these factors leads to removal of any dissatisfaction. Expectancy Theory of Motivation This theory was initially created by Vroom and it denotesthe possibilitythat any activity or any task will resultin toan outcome (Schunk, 2000). As per this theory whenever a person makes a choice among different alternators which have uncertain results, it appears to be clear that this kind ofattitude isimpacted by his choice along withother fasterlike the expectancy of these outcomes to be true (Pride, 2017). This expectancy is the belief for that moment regarding the possibility that a specific activity willcausea specific result. There was motivation in this case because I could very clearly perceive and see the outcome. There was a valuable relation among the activity and out from, and this outcome was of serve as a way of satisfaction of the needs. This way there are two factors which data mine how I performed my job. The first one was the value of rewards andout comesto me and the level of satisfaction that I achieved from this reward. After myintentionif I expected that I would be given a certificate of experience, and I would get hands on training with experience in the real world. This outcome was expected by me. The second factor is the possibility that these rewards depended on myefforts andperformance. Therefore the higher the value of these awards and rewards the better it wasprobabilitythat I put in more efforts in my job. I knew if I would do a better job at this kind of internship then the possibility for that I would get a better experience and myCertificate would also show allthe goodwork I did (Petri and Govern, 2013). Apart fromthese popular theoriesof motivating, there is a concept that the workers feel motivated to dobetterjob when they getofferingof anything they desire or which they feel would be satisfying. Yet, offering the staff members with anything that would be satisfying is important however it's not everything. The managers must keep in mind that the workers are not motivated to do a better job if the focuses only onofferingthereforethe focus also have to be onbelieving. The employs trust that they will attain what the desired includes three different beliefs. The initialbelieveis that they can do a good job to attain what is offered to them. The other one is that they will attain it in case they do a great job. The third belief isthat whateverhas been offered to them would be leading to satisfaction. All of these three beliefs are regarding the thoughts of workers in terms of what will be the outcome when they put in their efforts (Maguire, 2000). So the expectancytheory ofmotivation is the completion of conditions which are that employs need to be motivated to carry out their ties only if the thing that their efforts can cause performance, performance can bring outcome and these outcomes can bring contentment or satisfaction. Application of the Motivation Theories Motivating workforce is turning out to be increasingly significant continually. Having motivated workforce has an impact on the performance of the business. So the Human Resource Management is exceedingly focussing on this subject (Steers and Porter, 1991). Motivation theories and kinds of incentives use up the time and money however in a long run they have an impact on the earnings of the business (Kwon and Sohn, 2017). At the time of applying the motivation theories in reality managers must focus on three major parts of accountability to synchronize and incorporate human resource strategy. These three regions are: Defining the performance, Facilitating the performance and Encouraging performance. Above all, the management needs to concur with the Performance explanation. In this way the management concentrates on the depiction of what is anticipated from workers. The management must set objectives for the execution of the organization. Devoid of any objectives, it is difficult to identify where the organization is going and why (Kwon and Sohn, 2017). The imperative role of the objectives is to inform if the organization is improving or not. Objectives enhance responsibility and elucidate the bearing of staff attempt. For instance the corporate objectives incorporate revenues, clients, and areas of intrigue, development, administration and nationality. These give the fundamental system to the organization, and when everybody knows about these objectives, it is simpler for the workers and particularly management to work exclusively and be inventive (Strauss, 2011). To just lay down the objectives is insufficient. Management group should have the capacity to gauge the achievemen t of the shared objectives (Nuttin, 2014). Objectives must be in the shape that each manager and worker is aware if the objective is attained or not. Too broad objectives are not valuable (Luhmann and Hennecke, 2017). For instance "Lessening working expenses" is excessively dubious objective. Rather "Working expenses have to be diminished from 2% to 1.6% in the subsequent one year" is correct and quantifiable objective for everybody to get it. Conclusion There are explicit links among how motivated one us at the place of work and the level of job satisfaction. The business owners and managers must focus at increasing the job satisfaction so worker motivation will enhance too, leading to superior job performance and improved competence (Toman, 2013). It has to be seen that the Employee commitment is improved when a worker is motivated and contented at the place of work. The connection among motivation and satisfaction is, thus, shown by the dedication that an employee demonstrates to his business. Consequently, motivation in addition job satisfaction would lead to commitment. The three theories have been shown to demonstrate how I was satisfied at my past internship. References Jaeger, M. and Cmara, S. (2015). Media and Life Dissatisfaction as Predictors of Body Dissatisfaction. Paidia (Ribeiro Preto), 25(61), pp.183-190. James, B. (n.d.). Motivation Theory. SSRN Electronic Journal. Kwon, I. and Sohn, K. (2017). Job dissatisfaction of the self-employed in Indonesia. Small Business Economics. Luhmann, M. and Hennecke, M. (2017). The motivational consequences of life satisfaction. Motivation Science, 3(1), pp.51-75. Maguire, M. (2000). Teacher morale, job satisfaction and motivation. Teacher Development, 4(2), pp.305-313. Nuttin, J. (2014). Future Time Perspective and Motivation. 1st ed. Hoboken: Taylor and Francis. Petri, H. and Govern, J. (2013). Motivation. 1st ed. Australia: Wadsworth Cengage Learning. Pride, W. (2017). Foundations of business. 1st ed. New york: Cengage learning. Ruiz-Palomino, P., Sez-Martnez, F. and Martnez-Caas, R. (2012). Understanding Pay Satisfaction: Effects of Supervisor Ethical Leadership on Job Motivating Potential Influence. Journal of Business Ethics, 118(1), pp.31-43. Scheuer, S. (2000). Social and economic motivation at work. 1st ed. [Copenhagen]: Copenhagen Business School Press. Schunk, D. (2000). Self-Theories and Achievement Motivation. PsycCRITIQUES, 45(5). Steers, R. and Porter, L. (1991). Motivation and work behavior. 1st ed. New York: McGraw-Hill. Strauss, G. (2011). Job satisfaction, motivation, and job redesign. 1st ed. Berkeley, Calif.: Institute of Industrial Relations, University of California. Supplemental Material for The Motivational Consequences of Life Satisfaction. (2017). Motivation Science. Toman, W. (2013). An Introduction to Psychoanalytic Theory of Motivation. 1st ed. Burlington: Elsevier Science.

How does the film language in the opening of Bend It Like Beckham introduce the characters and introduce comedy/humour Essay Example

How does the film language in the opening of Bend It Like Beckham introduce the characters and introduce comedy/humour? Essay Bend it like Beckham which is henceforth known as the film, opens onto a black screen. It then has a ball coming over from the top right of the screen down into the bottom left as if it has been kicked as well as building a crowd scene into the sound which is a diegetic sound. This was done through special effects after the film had been shot and shows two things. First, it shows that the film will have a heavy football theme and second, that it is a comedy as it isn’t taking it too seriously in the shot of the ball. After, the music which is presumed to be the football match in the background starts and is common with football chat shows like match of the day. After a few seconds the voice over of a famous match commentator starts with the screen still on black with the titles, which is a non-diegetic sound. This narration is describing a football game with David Beckham and is at the Manchester united playing ground which gives the audience more of a feel for the theme of the film. The black screen is then change with a wipe effect from right to left following another football which was following the narrators question about ‘Where will the goal come from?’ which adds humour. The next scene is the game that was spoke about by the narrator and we see players running around a field that has ambient lighting which has a real looking verisimilitude. The mise-en-scene of the game is that it is a real match with recognisable players wearing opposing teams outfits and we take the connotat ions that the narrator is narrating from an after match summary programme. We will write a custom essay sample on How does the film language in the opening of Bend It Like Beckham introduce the characters and introduce comedy/humour? specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on How does the film language in the opening of Bend It Like Beckham introduce the characters and introduce comedy/humour? specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on How does the film language in the opening of Bend It Like Beckham introduce the characters and introduce comedy/humour? specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer After the goal is scored the audience pick up from the commentary that the character that scored was a girl and begin to suspect that the match is not real, this because it is widely known men and women do not play pro-games with mixed gendered teams. During the re-run of the goal you see a close up of the character that is identified as ‘Jess Bambra’. This puts the audience in the position of thinking Jess is a main character. The camera then zooms in on Beckham with his arm around Jess and uses this image a graphic match to bring the scene with the image on the screen of a studio. The narrator says ‘and have we discovered a new star here Gary Lineker?’ which then leads to the studio having full dialogue. The mise-en-scene of the scene is that of the assumed match summary programme and has the required celebrity faces to make it seem real. They ask Jess’s mother if she is proud of her daughter which brings the main implementation of humour into the film. The traditional reply would be ‘Yes, I’m so proud!’ but Jess’s mother is introduced as a traditional and stereotypical religious mother who disagrees with masculine sports and the breaking of stereotypes the character of Jess does as a female. This stereotyping makes humour as it is the opposite of what is expected. Another way the humour is implemented is through an action and reaction shot from Mrs Bambra and Gary Lineker who looks shocked which is shown clearly to the audience through his facial expressions. The camera angle changes from a medium shot of the Gary’s reaction shot to a medium shot, then a close up of her mother. This is to show she is ‘stealing the show’ and is in control. She is then used as a graphic match by the facial expression and the mise-en-scene of the same clothing to bring the scene to the bedroom of Jess. The shot is showing Mrs Bambra shouting at Jess for watching the football, showing herself as a stereotypical mother and she introduces another character, Jess’s sister who is getting engaged and going crazy. When she turned the TV off she said ‘football, shutaball’ and this adds humour as she is mocking the game. Jess turns to the poster and uses diegetic speech which makes the audience use the connotations that it’s Beckham to mean that she is a fan of his which is also shown in the mise-en-scene of the shot. It shows multiple football posters and a Manchester United top with Beckham’s name on it. The sound changes to Indian music to show her ethnic background and that it isn’t a traditional comedy as the shot fades to the title which is seen as not taking itself seriously as there are football boots hanging off of the words as well as a football kicked around it like a boomerang. The next scene opens at the bottom of the stairs and the mise-en-scene shows that it is a traditional normal house which is where we see Jess’s sister for the first time. Her character is portrayed as a stereotypical girl which is reinforced by her calling that girl a ‘first class bitch’ and her idolisation of pink, shopping, accessories and planning outfits out ahead of time. This is said through dialogue between the characters. The final shot in the opening sequences is Jess and her sister leaving the house and teaming up against their mother by saying ‘oh mum don’t do pickles as well’ in unison which shows the normality of the family arguments which portrays them as a normal everyday family. Overall, the way the characters have been introduced has been through speech for Jess and Jess’s sister and through full on conversation with Mrs Bambra. Jess’s sister is portrayed as a stereotypical girl through the way she talks while Mrs Bambra is shown as tradition religious mother through her actions, ideas put across through speech and dialogue used at her daughter. Jess however is shown as a non-traditional girl, who enjoys football and arguing with her family. I think that the majority of the characters will be portrayed as the stereotypes they are showing to add humour to the film. The humour was introduced into the film in a variety of ways. It was shown through narrators commentary, Mrs Bambra’s disapproval of her daughter, the action and reaction shot and by the picking at the game of football. I think that the way the rest of the humour in the film will be very direct and often picky at certain topics, in particular football.